The complete sequence of a heterochromatic island from a higher eukaryote. The Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Washington University Genome Sequencing Center, and PE Biosystems Arabidopsis Sequencing Consortium.
Heterochromatin, constitutively condensed chromosomal material, is widespread among eukaryotes but incompletely characterized at the nucleotide level. We have sequenced and analyzed 2.1 megabases (Mb) of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 4 that includes 0.5-0.7 Mb of isolated heterochromatin that resembles the chromosomal knobs described by Barbara McClintock in maize.
This isolated region has a low density of expressed genes, low levels of recombination and a low incidence of genetrap insertion. Satellite repeats were absent, but tandem arrays of long repeats and many transposons were found. Methylation of these sequences was dependent on chromatin remodeling. Clustered repeats were associated with condensed chromosomal domains elsewhere. The complete sequence of a heterochromatic island provides an opportunity to study sequence determinants of chromosome condensation.
Description: LGALS8 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 337 amino acids (1-317 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 37.9 kDa. The LGALS8 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
LGALS3 Human, Galectin-3 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: LGALS3 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 270 amino acids (1-250 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 28.3 kDa._x000D_ The LGALS3 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. _x000D_
LGALS7 Human, Galectin-7 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: Galectin-7 Human Recombinant fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 156 amino acids (1-136 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 17.2kDa. ;The Galectin-7 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: This monoclonal antibody is for studies of antigen expression in cells and tissue sections using immunocytochemistry and immunoprecipitation
Description: Galectin-3 is a protein encoded by the LGALS3 gene which is approximately 26,1 kDa. Galectin-3 is localised to the cytoplasm and nucleus. It is involved in NF-kappaB signalling, advanced glycosylation end product receptor signalling and cell adhesion. It is a galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE and may mediate the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration along with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin. It is characterized by an N-terminal proline-rich tandem repeat domain and a single C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain. Galectin-3 is expressed mainly in the colonic epithelium and is also abundantly expressed in activated macrophages. Mutations in the LGALS3 gene may result in follicular adenoma and thyroid cancer. STJ96945 was developed from clone 6G2 and was affinity-purified from mouse ascites by affinity-chromatography using specific immunogen. This antibody detects endogenous galectin-3 proteins.
Supramolecular insight into the substitution of sulfur by selenium, based on crystal structures, quantum-chemical calculations and biosystem recognition
Statistical analysis of data from crystal structures extracted from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) has shown that S and Se atoms display a similar tendency towards specific types of interaction if they are part of a fragment that corresponds to the side chains of cysteine (Cys), methionine (Met) selenocysteine (Sec) and selenomethionine (Mse).
The most numerous are structures with C-H…Se and C-H…S interactions (∼80%), notably less numerous are structures with Se…Se and S…S interactions (∼5%), and Se…π and S…π interactions are the least numerous.
The results of quantum-chemical calculations have indicated that C-H…Se (∼-0.8 kcal mol-1) and C-H...S interactions are weaker than the most stable parallel interaction (∼-3.3 kcal mol-1) and electrostatic interactions of σ/π type (∼-2.6 kcal mol-1).
Their significant presence can be explained by the abundance of CH groups compared with the numbers of Se and S atoms in the crystal structures, and also by the influence of substituents bonded to the Se or S atom that further reduce their possibilities for interacting with species from the environment.
This can also offer an explanation as to why O-H…Se (∼-4.4 kcal mol-1) and N-H…Se interactions (∼-2.2 kcal mol-1) are less numerous. Docking studies revealed that S and Se rarely participate in interactions with the amino acid residues of target enzymes, mostly because those residues preferentially interact with the substituents bonded to Se and S.
The differences between Se and S ligands in the number and positions of their binding sites are more pronounced if the substituents are polar and if there are more Se/S atoms in the ligand.
A simple biosystem for the high-yielding cascade conversion of racemic alcohols to enantiopure amines
The amination of racemic alcohols to produce enantiopure amines is an important green chemistry reaction for pharmaceutical manufacturing, requiring simple and efficient solutions. Here we developed a novel concept and the simplest system for ADH-TA-catalyzed cascade reaction to aminate racemic alcohols, which utilizes an ambidextrous ADH to oxidize a racemic alcohol, an enantioselective transaminase to convert the ketone intermediate to chiral amine, and isopropylamine to recycle PMP and NAD + cofactors via the reversed cascade reactions.
The concept was proven by using an ambidextrous CpSADH-W286A engineered from ( S )-enantioselective CpSADH as the first example of evolving ambidextrous ADHs, an enantioselective BmTA, and isopropylamine. A biosystem containing isopropylamine and the cells of E. coli (CpSADH-W286A/BmTA) expressing the two enzymes was developed for the amination of racemic alcohols to produce eight useful and high-value ( S )-amines in 72-99% yield and 98-99% ee , providing with a simple and practical solution to this type of reaction.
Evaluation of chromosomal insertion loci in the Pseudomonas putida KT2440 genome for predictable biosystems design
The development of Pseudomonas strains for industrial production of fuels and chemicals will require the integration of heterologous genes and pathways into the chromosome.
Finding the most appropriate integration site to maximize strain performance is an essential part of the strain design process. We characterized seven chromosomal loci in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for integration of a fluorescent protein expression construct. Insertion in five of the loci did not affect growth rate, but fluorescence varied by up to 27-fold.
Three sites displaying a diversity of phenotypes with the fluorescent reporter were also chosen for the integration of a gene encoding a muconate importer. Depending on the integration locus, expression of the importer varied by approximately 3-fold and produced significant phenotypic differences. This work demonstrates the impact of the integration location on host viability, gene expression, and overall strain performance.
Description: All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors. The GRO proteins chemoattract and activate neutrophils and basophils. Recombinant murine KC is a 7.8 kDa protein consisting of 72 amino acids including the 'ELR' motif common to the CXC chemokine family that bind to CXCR1 or CXCR2.
GRO1/KC Mouse, GRO/KC (CXCL1) Mouse Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: GRO1/KC Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 97 amino acids (25-96 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 10.5kDa.;GRO1 is fused to a 25 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors. The GRO proteins chemoattract and activate neutrophils and basophils. Recombinant rat GRO/KC is a 7.8 kDa protein consisting of 72 amino acids including the 'ELR' motif common to the CXC chemokine family that bind to CXCR1 or CXCR2.
Description: This antimicrobial gene encodes a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. The encoded protein is a secreted growth factor that signals through the G-protein coupled receptor, CXC receptor 2. This protein plays a role in inflammation and as a chemoattractant for neutrophils. Aberrant expression of this protein is associated with the growth and progression of certain tumors. A naturally occurring processed form of this protein has increased chemotactic activity. Alternate splicing results in coding and non-coding variants of this gene. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 4.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human KC . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CXCL1. Recognizes CXCL1 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against Cxcl1. Recognizes Cxcl1 from Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CXCL1. Recognizes CXCL1 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: IHC, ELISA;IHC:1/100-1/300.ELISA:1/10000
Description: A polyclonal antibody against CXCL1. Recognizes CXCL1 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC
Description: Description of target: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, KC, Neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-α). In humans, this protein is encoded by the CXCL1 gene. The gene for CXCL1 is located on human chromosome 4 amongst genes for other CXC chemokines. The mature form of CXCL1 is maximally 73 amino acids long. CXCL1 is secreted by human melanoma cells, has mitogenic properties and is implicated in melanoma pathogenesis. CXCL1 is expressed by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells, and has neutrophil chemoattractant activity. This chemokine elicits its effects by signaling through the chemokine receptor CXCR2.CXCL1 decreased the severity of multiple sclerosis and may offer a neuro-protective function. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant mouse CXCL1, consisting of 77 amino acids with the molecular mass of 8KDa.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml
Description: Description of target: This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. Chemokines, which recruit and activate leukocytes, are classified by function (inflammatory or homeostatic) or by structure. This secretory protein is proposed to bind the G-protein coupled receptor chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2 to recruit neutrophils. In mouse, deficiency of this gene is associated with colitis and with defects in immune cell recruitment to the lung.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 6.0pg/mL
Description: Description of target: This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. Chemokines, which recruit and activate leukocytes, are classified by function (inflammatory or homeostatic) or by structure. This secretory protein is proposed to bind the G-protein coupled receptor chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2 to recruit neutrophils. In mouse, deficiency of this gene is associated with colitis and with defects in immune cell recruitment to the lung.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 6.0 pg/mL
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for quantification of Mouse CXCL1 in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Description: Description of target: This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. Chemokines, which recruit and activate leukocytes, are classified by function (inflammatory or homeostatic) or by structure. This secretory protein is proposed to bind the G-protein coupled receptor chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2 to recruit neutrophils. In mouse, deficiency of this gene is associated with colitis and with defects in immune cell recruitment to the lung.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Quantitative Colorimentric Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 8 pg/mL
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
Description: A sandwich ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat keinocyte chemoattractant (KC) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.
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